When Every Moment Counts: What You Need to Know About Bioterrorism From the Senates Only Doctor

Dilyana Gaytandzhieva is a Bulgarian investigative announcer and Middle East Contributor. Over the last two years she has published a serial of reports on weapons smuggling to ISIS in Syrian arab republic. In the past year she came under force per unit area from the Bulgarian National Security Agency and was fired from her chore in the Bulgarian newspaper Trud Daily, without caption. Despite this, Dilyana continues her investigations. The following report, get-go published on Southward Front, provides an overview of the Pentagon's secretive development of biological weapons in bio-labs around the world.

@dgaytandzhieva

The Us Army regularly produces mortiferous viruses, leaner and toxins in direct violation of the Un Convention on the prohibition of Biological Weapons. Hundreds of thousands of unwitting people are systematically exposed to dangerous pathogens and other incurable diseases. Bio warfare scientists using diplomatic cover test man-made viruses at Pentagon bio laboratories in 25 countries beyond the world. These US bio-laboratories are funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) under a $ ii.i billion military machine program - Cooperative Biological Date Program (CBEP) - and are located in former Soviet Union countries such as Georgia and Ukraine, the Middle Due east, South East Asia and Africa.

The Lugar Center, Republic of Georgia

The Us Army has been deployed to Vaziani Armed services Air Base, 17 km away from the Pentagon bio-laboratory at the Lugar Center.

Georgia is a Testing Footing For Bioweapons

The Lugar Centre is the Pentagon bio laboratory in Georgia. It is located just 17 km away from the United states of america Vaziani war machine airbase in the capital Tbilisi. Tasked with the military program are biologists from the US Army Medical Research Unit-Georgia (USAMRU-1000) along with private contractors. The Bio-condom Level 3 Laboratory is accessible only to The states citizens with security clearance. They are accorded diplomatic immunity under the 2002 United states-Georgia Agreement on defense cooperation.

The USA-Georgia agreement accords diplomatic status to the Usa military and civilian personnel (including diplomatic vehicles), working on the Pentagon program in Georgia.

Information obtained from the The states federal contracts registry clarifies some of the military machine activities at the Lugar Center - among them research on bio-agents (anthrax, tularemia) and viral diseases (e.g. Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever), and the collection of biological samples for future experiments.

Pentagon Contractors Produce Bio Agents Nether Diplomatic Cover

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has outsourced much of the work under the military programme to private companies, which are not held accountable to Congress, and which can operate more freely and move around the rule of police force. United states noncombatant personnel performing piece of work at the Lugar Center accept too been given diplomatic immunity, although they are not diplomats. Hence, private companies tin can perform work, under diplomatic comprehend, for the US government without being under the direct control of the host state - in this instance the Republic of Georgia. This practice is often used by the CIA to provide cover for its agents.

Three private American companies work at the U.s. bio-laboratory in Tbilisi - CH2M Hill, Battelle and Metabiota. In addition to the Pentagon, these private contractors perform biological research for the CIA and various other government agencies.

CH2M Hill has been awarded $341.five million DTRA contracts under the Pentagon's program for bio-laboratories in Georgia, Republic of uganda, Tanzania, Iraq, Afghanistan, South Eastern asia. Half of this sum ($161.1 million) is allocated to the Lugar Center under the Georgian contract.

According to CH2M Hill, the US Visitor has secured biological agents and employed quondam bio-warfare scientists at the Lugar Eye. These are scientists who are working for some other American visitor involved in the military program in Georgia - Battelle Memorial Constitute.

As a $59 million subcontractor at the Lugar Center, Battelle has all-encompassing feel in enquiry on bio-agents, as the visitor has already worked on the US Bio-weapons Plan nether xi previous contracts with the United states Army (1952-1966).

Source: United states Army Activities in the United states, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. 2, 1977, p. 82

The private company performs work for the Pentagon'due south DTRA bio laboratories in Afghanistan, Armenia, Georgia, Uganda, Tanzania, Republic of iraq, Afghanistan and Vietnam. Battelle conducts inquiry, development, testing, and evaluation using both highly toxic chemicals and highly pathogenic biological agents for a wide range of U.s. authorities agencies. Information technology has been awarded some $ii billion federal contracts in total, and ranks 23 on the Peak 100 US government contractors list.

The CIA-Battelle Project Articulate Vision

Project Clear Vision (1997 and 2000), a joint investigation past the CIA and the Battelle Memorial Institute, under a contract awarded past the Agency, reconstructed and tested a Soviet-era anthrax bomblet in order to exam its broadcasting characteristics. The project'due south stated goal was to appraise bio-agents dissemination characteristics of bomblets. The clandestine CIA-Battelle operation was omitted from the The states Biological Weapons Convention declarations submitted to the Un.

Anthrax spores nether microscope

Top Secret Experiments

Battelle has operated a Top Secret Bio laboratory (National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center - NBACC) at Fort Detrick, Maryland, under a United states of america Department of Homeland Security (DHS) contract for the last decade. The company has been awarded a $344.4 million federal contract (2006 - 2016) and another $17.3 million contract (2015 -2026) past DHS.

© DHS
NBACC is classified as a United states Top Secret facility.

Among the underground experiments performed by Battelle at NBACC, are: Assessment of powder dissemination technology, Assessment of hazard posed by aerosolized toxins, and Cess of virulence of B. Pseudomallei (Meliodosis) every bit a part of aerosol particle in non-human primates. Melioidosis has the potential to be adult as a biological weapon, hence information technology is classed every bit a category B. Bioterrorism Agent. B. Pseudomallei was studied by the US as a potential bioweapon in the by.

Besides the armed services experiments at the Lugar Center in Georgia, Battelle has already produced bioterrorism agents at the Biosafety Level 4 NBACC Superlative Undercover Laboratory at Fort Detrick in the U.s.. An NBACC presentation lists 16 research priorities for the lab, including to characterize classical, emerging and genetically-engineered pathogens for their BTA (biological threat agent) potential; appraise the nature of nontraditional, novel and non-owned induction of affliction from potential BTA; and to expand droplets-challenge testing chapters for non-man primates.

© NBACC
Scientists engineer pathogens at the NBACC lab.

Pentagon Biolabs at The epicenter of The Ebola Crisis

The Us Company Metabiota Inc. has been awarded $xviii.4 meg federal contracts under the Pentagon'south DTRA plan in Georgia and Ukraine for scientific and technical consulting services.

Metabiota services include global field-based biological threat research, pathogen discovery, outbreak response and clinical trials.

Metabiota Inc. had been contracted by the Pentagon to perform work for DTRA before and during the Ebola crisis in West Africa, and was awarded $3.1 meg (2012-2015) for work in Sierra Leone - one of the countries at the epicenter of the Ebola outbreak.

Metabiota worked on the Pentagon'due south project at the epicenter of the Ebola crisis, where three US biolabs are situated.

A July 17, 2014 report, drafted by the Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium, accused Metabiota Inc. of declining to abide by an existing agreement on how to report test results and for bypassing the Sierra Leonean scientists working at that place. The report also raised the possibility that Metabiota was culturing claret cells at the lab, something the report said was dangerous, equally well as misdiagnosing salubrious patients. All of those allegations were denied by Metabiota.

2011, the Lugar Center, Andrew C. Weber (on the right) - US Assistant Secretarial assistant of Defence (2009-2014), Us DoD Deputy Coordinator for Ebola Response (2014-2015), is currently a Metabiota (US contractor) employee.

Armed services Experiments on Biting Insects

Entomological warfare is a blazon of biological warfare that uses insects to transmit diseases. The Pentagon has allegedly performed such entomological tests in Georgia and Russia.

Biting Flies in Georgia

In 2014 The Lugar Middle was equipped with an insect facility and launched a project titled 'Raising Awareness most Barcoding of Sand Flies in Georgia and Caucasus'. The projection covered a larger geographic surface area outside of Georgia - the Caucasus region. In 2014-2015 Phlebotomine sand wing species were collected nether another projection, 'Surveillance Work on Acute Febrile Illness' and all (female) sand flies were tested to determine their infectivity rate. A third project, besides including sand flies drove, studied the characteristics of their salivary glands.

A biting fly in a bathroom in Tbilisi, Georgia

As a upshot, Tbilisi has been infested with biting flies since 2015. These biting insects live indoors, in bathrooms, all year long, which was not the typical behavior of these species in Georgia previously (normally the Phlebotomine wing season in Georgia is uncommonly curt - from June to September). Local people complain of beingness bitten by these newly-appeared flies while naked in their bathrooms. They as well have a strong resistance to cold and can survive fifty-fifty in sub-zero temperatures in the mountains.

Bitter Flies in Dagestan, Russia

Since the start of the Pentagon project in 2014, flies similar to those in Georgia have appeared in neighboring Dagestan (Russia). According to local people, they bite and cause rashes. Their breeding habitats are house drains.

Flies in Georgia (on the left). The same fly in Dagestan (on the right)

Flies from the Phlebotomine family carry dangerous parasites in their saliva which they transmit through a bite to humans. The disease, which these flies carry, is of high interest to the Pentagon. In 2003 during the Usa invasion of Iraq, American soldiers were severely bitten past sand flies and contracted Leishmoniasis. The disease is native to Republic of iraq and Afghanistan, and if left untreated the astute grade of Leishmoniasis can be fatal.

A 1967 US Regular army report 'Arthropods of medical importance in Asia and the European USSR' lists all local insects, their distribution and the diseases that they carry. Biting flies, which alive in drains, are likewise listed in the document. Their natural habitat, though, is the Philippines, not Georgia or Russian federation.

'Arthropods of medical importance in Asia and the European USSR', Usa Army report, 1967

Functioning Whitecoat: Infected Flies Tested to Bite Humans

In 1970 and 1972, Sand Wing Fever tests were performed on humans according to a declassified The states Army written report - 'U.s.a. Regular army Activities in the Us, Biological Warfare Programs, 1977, vol. 2, p. 203'. During Performance Whitecoat, volunteers were exposed to bites by infected sand flies. Functioning Whitecoat was a bio-defense force medical research program carried out by the The states Army at Fort Detrick, Maryland, between 1954 and 1973.

Despite the official termination of the US bio-weapons program, in 1982 USAMRIID performed an experiment to come across if sand flies and mosquitoes could be vectors of Rift Valley Virus, Dengue, Chikungunya and Eastern Equine Encephalitis - viruses which the Us Army researched for their potential as bio-weapons.

Killer Insects

The Pentagon has a long history in using insects every bit vectors for diseases. According to a partially declassified 1981 United states Army report, American bio warfare scientists carried out a number of experiments on insects. These operations were part of US Entomological Warfare under the Plan for Biological Weapons of the US.

The Pentagon: How to Kill 625,000 People For Merely $0.29 Cost Per Death

A US Army report in 1981 compared two scenarios - 16 simultaneous attacks on a city by A. Aegypti mosquitoes, infected with Xanthous Fever, and Tularemia aerosol set on, and assessed their effectiveness in terms of cost and casualties.

Operation Large Itch: Field tests were performed to determine coverage patterns and survivability of the tropical rat flea Xenopsylla cheopis for apply as a disease vector in biological warfare.

Operation Big Buzz: ane million A. Aegypti mosquitoes were produced, ane/three were placed in munitions and dropped from aircraft, or dispersed on the ground. The mosquitoes survived the airdrop and actively sought out homo claret.

Evaluation of Entomological Warfare as a potential Danger to the US and European NATO nations, US Regular army, March 1981 Report

Functioning May Day: Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes were dispersed through ground-based methods in Georgia, Usa, during a US Regular army operation codenamed May Day.

Parts of the 1981 US Army study such as the "Mass product of Aedes Aegypti" have not been declassified, potentially pregnant that the projection is all the same ongoing.

Aedes Aegypti, likewise known as yellow fever mosquito, take been widely used in US war machine operations. The aforementioned species of mosquitoes are alleged to be the vectors of dengue, chikungunya and the Zika virus, which causes genetic malformations in newborns

Functioning Bellweather: The US Army Chemic Research and Development Control, Biological Weapons Branch, studied outdoor mosquito biting activity in a number of field tests at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, in 1960. Virgin female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which had been starved, were tested upon troops out in the open air.

For reference: OutdoorMosquito Biting Activity Studies,Project Bellweather I, 1960, Technical Report, US Army, Dugway Proving Ground

Military Experiments With Tropical Mosquitoes and Ticks in Georgia

Such species of mosquitoes and fleas (studied in the by under the Usa Entomological Warfare Plan) have also been collected in Georgia and tested at the Lugar Center.

Nether the DTRA projection 'Virus and Other Arboviruses in Georgia' in 2014, the never-earlier-seen tropical musquito Aedes albopictus was detected for the get-go time and subsequently an absence of decades (threescore years), the existence of Aedes Aegypti musquito was confirmed in due west Georgia.

Aedes Albopictus is a vector of many viral pathogens, Xanthous fever virus, Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika.

These tropical mosquitoes Aedes Albopictus, having never been seen before in Georgia, have also been detected in neighboring Russian federation (Krasnodar) and Turkey. Co-ordinate to information provided past the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, their spread is unusual for this part of the globe.

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Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes have been distributed only in Georgia, southern Russia and northern Turkey. They were detected for the beginning fourth dimension in 2014 after the start of the Pentagon programme at the Lugar Center.

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Under another DTRA projection, 'Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Georgia' (2013-2016), 6,148 ground ticks were collected; v,871 were collected off cattle and 1,310 fleas and 731 ticks were caught. In 2016 a further 21,590 ticks were collected and studied at the Lugar Heart.

Anthrax Outbreak in Georgia and NATO Human being Trials

In 2007 Georgia ended its policy of having compulsory almanac livestock anthrax vaccination. Every bit a result, the morbidity rate of the illness reached its peak in 2013. The aforementioned year NATO started human-based anthrax vaccine tests at the Lugar Center in Georgia.

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In 2007, despite the anthrax outbreak, the Georgian government terminated compulsory vaccination for 7 years. 2013 saw NATO begin human trials on a new anthrax vaccine in Georgia.

Pentagon Research on Russian Anthrax

Anthrax is one of the bio agents weaponized by the U.s. Army in the past. Despite the Pentagon's claims that its plan is only defensive, there are facts to the contrary. In 2016 at the Lugar Middle American scientists carried out research on the 'Genome Sequence of the Soviet/Russian Bacillus anthracis Vaccine Strain 55-VNIIVViM', which was funded by the US Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA) Cooperative Biological Engagement Program in Tbilisi, and administered past Metabiota (the The states contractor under the Pentagon program in Georgia).

In 2017 the DTRA funded farther research - 'Ten Genome Sequences of Human and Livestock Isolates of Bacillus anthracis from the State of Georgia' - which was performed by USAMRU-Thousand at the Lugar Heart.

34 People Intentionally-Infected With Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Georgia

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is caused by infection through a tick-borne virus (Nairovirus). The disease was first characterized in Crimea in 1944 and given the name Crimean hemorrhagic fever. Information technology was then subsequently recognized in 1969 as the cause of illness in Congo, thus resulting in the current name of the disease. In 2014 34 people became infected (including a iv-year old child) with CCHF. 3 of them died. The aforementioned year, Pentagon biologists studied the virus in Georgia nether the DTRA projection 'Epidemiology of febrile illnesses caused by Dengue viruses and other Arboviruses in Georgia'. The project included tests on patients with fever symptoms and the collection of ticks, every bit possible vectors of CCHFV for laboratory assay.

© NCDC-Georgia

The cause of the CCHF outbreak in Georgia is however unknown. According to the local Veterinary Section written report, only one tick from all of the nerveless species from the infected villages tested positive for the affliction. Despite the claims of local authorities that the virus was transmitted to humans from animals, all creature blood samples were negative too. The lack of infected ticks and animals is inexplicable given the sharp increase of CCHF human cases in 2014, meaning that the outbreak was non natural and the virus was spread intentionally.

In 2016 another 21,590 ticks were collected for DNA databases for future studies at the Lugar Center under the Pentagon project 'Assessing the Seroprevalence and Genetic Diversity of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) and Hantaviruses in Georgia'.

Military Bio-lab Blamed For Deadly CCHF Outbreak in Afghanistan

237 cases of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) take likewise been reported across Transitional islamic state of afghanistan, 41 of which were fatal as of December 2017. According to Afghanistan's Ministry of Health, most of the cases have been registered in the capital Kabul, where 71 cases accept been reported with thirteen fatalities, and in the province of Herat near the border with Iran (67 cases).

Afghanistan is one of 25 countries beyond the world with Pentagon bio-laboratories on their territory. The project in Afghanistan is part of the U.s. bio-defense program - Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP), which is funded by the Defence force Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). The DTRA contractors, working at the Lugar Middle in Georgia, CH2M Hill and Battelle, take also been contracted for the program in Transitional islamic state of afghanistan. CH2M Hill has been awarded a $10.iv million contract (2013-2017). The Pentagon contractors in Afghanistan and Georgia are the same, and and then are the diseases which are spreading amid the local population in both countries.

Why The Pentagon Collects And Studies Bats

Bats are allegedly the reservoir hosts to the Ebola Virus, Middle Eastward Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and other deadly diseases. However, the precise ways these viruses are transmitted to humans are currently unknown. Numerous studies have been performed under the DTRA Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP) in a search for deadly pathogens of armed services importance in bats.

221 bats were euthanized at the Lugar Center for research purposes in 2014.

Bats have been blamed for the deadly Ebola outbreak in Africa (2014-2016). Nevertheless, no conclusive evidence of exactly how the virus 'jumped' to humans has always been provided, which raises suspicions of intentional and not natural infection.

Engineering Mortiferous Viruses is Legal in the U.s.

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) first appeared in 2012 and is thought to have originated in bats and spread direct to humans and/or camels. Even so, like Ebola, the precise ways the virus spreads are unknown.

1,980 cases with 699 deaths caused by MERS-CoV were reported in 15 countries across the world (as of June 2017).

© WHO
iii to 4 out of every 10 patients reported with MERS have died.

MERS-CoV is one of the viruses that accept been engineered by the United states of america and studied by the Pentagon, as well as influenza and SARS. Confirmation of this practice is Obama's 2014 temporary ban on government funding for such 'dual-use' research. The moratorium was lifted in 2017 and experiments have continued. Enhanced Potential Pandemic Pathogens (PPPs) experiments are legal in the Usa.

Such experiments aim to increase the transmissibility and/or virulence of pathogens.

Tularemia as Bioweapon

Tularemia, likewise known as Rabbit Fever, is classified every bit a bioterrorism amanuensis and was adult as such in the past by the US. Nonetheless, the Pentagon's enquiry on tularemia continues, equally well as on possible vectors of the bacteria such as ticks and rodents, which cause the illness. The DTRA has launched a number of projects on Tularemia forth with other peculiarly dangerous pathogens in Georgia.

Specially Dangerous Pathogens (EDPs), or select agents, represent a major business for public health globally. These highly pathogenic agents have the potential to be weaponized, with proof of their military importance seen through the following Pentagon projects: Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Georgia (2013-2016) (threescore,000 vectors were collected for strain isolates and genome research); Epidemiology of Homo Tularemia in Georgia; and Human Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance of Peculiarly Dangerous Pathogens in Georgia (study of select agents amid patients with undifferentiated fever and hemorrhagic fever/septic daze).

F. Tularensis is a highly infectious bacterium and has the potential to exist weaponized for use through aerosol attacks.

Tularemia is i of the bio-weapons that the US Army developed in the past.

Source: 1981 US Army Report

Pentagon Bio-laboratories Spread Diseases in Ukraine

xi Pentagon Biolaboratories in Ukraine and around Russia. Click to encounter full-size image

The DoD Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has funded 11 bio-laboratories in Ukraine, which too borders on Russia:

The US Armed services Program is Sensitive Information

Ukraine has no control over the military machine bio-laboratories on its own territory. According to the 2005 Agreement betwixt the US Department of Defense and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the Ukrainian regime is prohibited from public disclosure of sensitive information about the US programme and Ukraine is obliged to transfer to the US DoD dangerous pathogens for biological research. The Pentagon has been granted admission to certain land secrets of Ukraine in connection with the projects under their agreement:

Biowarfare Scientists Nether Diplomatic Cover

Among the ready of bilateral agreements between the United states and Ukraine is the establishment of the Science and Engineering Eye in Ukraine (STCU) - an international organization funded mainly by the US government which has been accorded diplomatic status. The STCU officially supports projects of scientists previously involved in the Soviet biological weapons program. Over the past 20 years the STCU has invested over $285 1000000 in funding and managing some one,850 projects of scientists who previously worked on the development of weapons of mass destruction.

The US personnel in Ukraine work nether diplomatic cover.

364 Ukrainians Died From Swine Flu

One of the Pentagon laboratories is located in Kharkiv, where in January 2016 at to the lowest degree 20 Ukrainian soldiers died from a flu-like virus in only 2 days, with 200 more being hospitalized. The Ukrainian regime did not report on the dead Ukrainian soldiers in Kharkiv. As of March 2016, 364 deaths were reported across Ukraine (81.3 % caused by Swine Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 - the same strain which caused the world pandemic in 2009).

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According to Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) intelligence data, the Usa bio-lab in Kharkiv leaked the mortiferous virus.

Police Investigate Infection With Incurable Disease

Late last year, a highly suspicious Hepatitis A infection spread rapidly in merely few months across South East Ukraine, where most of the Pentagon biolabs are located.

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37 people have been hospitalized for Hepatitis A in the Ukrainian city of Mykolaiv as of January 2018. Local police accept launched an investigation into "infection with human immunodeficiency virus and other incurable diseases." Iii years ago more than 100 people in the aforementioned metropolis became infected with Cholera. Both diseases are alleged to have spread through contaminated drinking h2o.

In the summer of 2017, lx people with Hepatitis A were admitted to infirmary in the city of Zaporizhia. The cause of this outbreak is however unknown.

In the Odessa region, 19 children from an orphanage were hospitalized for hepatitis A in June 2017.

29 cases of Hepatitis A were reported in Kharkiv in November 2017. The virus was isolated in contaminated drinking water. One of the Pentagon bio-labs located in Kharkiv was blamed for the deadly Flu outbreak a year ago that claimed the lives of 364 Ukrainians.

Ukraine And Russia Hit By New Highly Virulent Cholera Infection

In 2011 Ukraine was striking by a cholera outbreak. 33 patients were reportedly hospitalized for severe diarrhea. A 2d outbreak struck the land in 2014 when more 800 people all across Ukraine were reported to have contracted the disease. In 2015 at least 100 new cases were registered in the city of Mykolaiv lonely.

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A new highly virulent variant of the cholera agent Vibrio cholera, with a high genetic similarity to the strains reported in Ukraine, hit Moscow in 2014. Co-ordinate to a 2014 Russian Research Anti-Plaque Found genetic study, the cholera strain isolated in Moscow was similar to the bacteria which caused the epidemic in neighboring Ukraine.

Southern Research Constitute, one of the Usa contractors working at the bio-laboratories in Ukraine, has projects on Cholera, likewise as on Influenza and Zika - all pathogens of armed forces importance to the Pentagon.

Forth with Southern Research Institute, ii other private American companies operate military bio-labs in Ukraine - Black & Veatch and Metabiota.

Black & Veatch Special Project Corp. was awarded $198.seven million in DTRA contracts to build and operate bio-laboratories in Ukraine (nether two v-year contracts in 2008 and 2012 totaling $128.5 one thousand thousand), likewise every bit in Germany, Azerbaijan, Cameroon, Thailand, Ethiopia, Vietnam and Armenia.

Metabiota has been awarded a $18.four 1000000 federal contract under the program in Georgia and Ukraine. This US company was likewise contracted to perform work for the DTRA before and during the Ebola crisis in West Africa, including $3.1 million (2012-2015) for piece of work in Sierra Leone.

Southern Research Institute has been a prime subcontractor under the DTRA program in Ukraine since 2008. The company was also a prime number Pentagon contractor in the by, under the United states of america Biological Weapons Program for research and evolution of bio-agents, with 16 contracts betwixt 1951 and 1962.

Source: US Army Activities in the US, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. II, 1977, p. 82

Soviet Defector Produced Anthrax For The Pentagon

Bacillus anthracis, magnified more than 12,000 times

Southern Inquiry Institute was likewise a subcontractor on a Pentagon program for anthrax research in 2001. The prime contractor being Avant-garde Biosystems, whose president at that time was Ken Alibek (a former Soviet microbiologist and biological warfare skillful from Republic of kazakhstan who defected to the US in 1992).

Ken Alibek was the Beginning Deputy Managing director of Biopreparat, where he oversaw a program for biological weapon facilities and was the Soviet Marriage'south main expert on anthrax. After his defection to the Usa, he was engaged on Pentagon research projects.

$250,000 For Lobbying Jeff Sessions For "Research For U.s. Intelligence"

Southern Enquiry Institute lobbied the US Congress and United states Section of Land hard for "problems related to research and evolution for US intelligence" and "defense related research and development." The lobbying activities coincided with the start of the Pentagon projects on bio-labs in Ukraine and other former Soviet states.

The company paid $250,000 for lobbying then-Senator Jeff Sessions in 2008-2009 (currently the US Attorney General appointed past Donald Trump), when the found was awarded a number of federal contracts.

U.s. Attorney Full general Jeff Sessions, United states Senator for Alabama (1997-2017)

For a 10-twelvemonth period (2006-2016) Southern Research Institute paid $1.28 1000000 for lobbying the US Senate, House of Representatives, the Country Department and the Department of Defense force (DoD). Senator Jeff Sessions' adjutant on Capitol Hill, Watson Donald, is now a Senior Director at Southern Research Institute.

Police Investigate Botulism Toxin Poisoning in Ukraine

115 Botulism cases, with 12 deaths, were reported in Ukraine in 2016.

In 2017 the Ukrainian Ministry of Wellness confirmed a farther 90 new cases, with viii deaths, of botulinum toxin poisoning (one of the most poisonous biological substances known). According to local health authorities, the crusade of the outbreak was food poisoning, into which police launched an investigation.

The Ukrainian government stopped supplying antitoxin in 2014 and no botulism vaccines in stock were available during the 2016-2017 outbreak.

Botulism is a rare and extremely unsafe illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.

1 gm of The Toxin Can Impale as Many every bit one Million People

Botulinum neurotoxin poses a major bio-weapon threat because of its farthermost say-so, ease of product and transport. It causes muscles paralyses, respiratory failure and ultimately death if not treated immediately. A single gram of crystalline toxin, evenly dispersed and inhaled tin impale more one million people. It could exist disseminated via droplets, or by contamination of h2o and/ or nutrient supplies.

The Pentagon Produces Live Viruses, Bacteria & Toxins

Botulinum Toxin was tested as a bio-weapon past the The states Ground forces in the past, too every bit Anthrax, Brucella and Tularemia. Although the U.s.a. bio-weapons program was officially terminated in 1969, documents bear witness that the military machine experiments never ended. Presently the Pentagon produces and tests live bio-agents at the aforementioned armed forces facility equally information technology did in the past - Dugway Proving Ground.

Electric current Field Tests

Capabilities Report 2012, West Desert Exam Heart

Past Field Tests

Source: 1977 The states Ground forces Report , p. 135

Bioweapons Factory in The United states

The US Army produces and tests bio-agents at a special military facility located at Dugway Proving Ground (West Desert Exam Middle, Utah), as proven in a 2012 The states Army Written report. The facility is overseen past the Army Test and Evaluation Command.

The Life Sciences Division (LSD) at Dugway Proving Ground is tasked with the product of bio-agents. According to the Army report, scientists from this division produce and exam aerosolized bio-agents at Lothar Saloman Life Sciences Exam Facility (LSTF).

Biological Agents produced past the US Army at Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, USA

Source: Capabilities Written report 2012, West Desert Test Centre

The Life Sciences Division consists of an Aerosol Technology co-operative and a Microbiology Branch. The Aerosol Applied science Co-operative aerosolizes biological agents and simulants. The Microbiology branch produces toxins, bacteria, viruses and agent-like organisms which are used in chamber and field testing.

© Dugway Proving Ground
A large 1500 L fermentator.

© Dugway Proving Ground
A post-production laboratory dries and mills test materials.

Later the bio-agents are produced, the scientists claiming them at containment aerosol chambers.

© Dugway Proving Footing
Technicians disseminate live biological agents for identification sensitivity tests.

© Dugway Proving Ground

© Dugway Proving Ground

Aerosol Experiments With Botulinum Neurotoxin And Anthrax

Documents prove that the U.s.a. Regular army produces, possesses and tests aerosols of the most lethal toxin in the earth - Botulinum Neurotoxin. In 2014 the Department of the Regular army purchased 100 mg of Botulinum Toxin from Metabiologics for tests at Dugway Proving Basis.

The experiments date back to 2007 when an unspecified quantity of the toxin was procured for the Department of the Army past the same company - Metabiologics. According to the 2012 W Desert Test Center Report, the armed forces facility performs tests with Botulinum Neurotoxin Aerosol, likewise equally with aerosolized Anthrax, Yersinia pestis, and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEE).

Source: Capabilities Study 2012, W Desert Test Centre

Outdoor Field Test Programs at Dugway Proving Footing

US Army documents and photos show that the Pentagon has developed various dissemination methods for bioterrorism attacks, including via explosives.

Source: Capabilities Report 2012, West Desert Test Center

© Dugway Proving Basis
Dissemination of contaminants for biological/chemic tests.

© Dugway Proving Ground

© Dugway Proving Basis
Liquid Broadcasting.

© Dugway Proving Basis
Powder Broadcasting.

© Dugway Proving Basis
Dissemination on the test grid.

The US Army study lists numerous dissemination techniques, including via bio-aerosol sprayers. Such sprayers, called Micronair disseminators, have already been adult by the Us Army and tested at Dugway Proving Footing. According to the documents, they tin can exist vehicle-mounted, or worn as a haversack with a pump system, which tin can exist fitted to the unit to increase the accuracy of the release. Micronair sprayers can release l to 500 mL of bio-liquid simulant per minute from 12 50 tanks.

© Dugway Proving Grounds
Aerosol Sprayers.

The US Stole Bacteria From Saddam Hussein's Bio Weapons Factory

Bacillus thuringiensis is an insect pathogen that is widely used every bit a bio-pesticide. B. thuringiensis (BT) Al Hakam was collected in Iraq by the United nations Special Commission led past the Usa in 2003. It is named later on Al Hakam - Republic of iraq'due south bio-weapons product facility. Apart from Pentagon field tests, this bacterium is also used in the US for the product of GM corn, which is resistant to pests. Photos posted past the CIA prove that the bacteria was nerveless by the US in Republic of iraq. According to the CIA, the vials containing bio-pesticide were recovered from an Al Hakam scientist's home.

CIA: A total of 97 vials - including those with labels consistent with the Al Hakam cover stories of unmarried-jail cell poly peptide and bio-pesticides - as well as strains that could be used to produce BW agents, were recovered from a scientist's residence in Iraq in 2003.

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Data from the US federal contracts registry shows that the Pentagon performs tests using the bacteria stolen from Saddam Hussein'southward bio-weapons mill in Iraq.

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The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) federal project for laboratory assay and field tests with bacteria.

The tests are performed on Kirtland Air Force Base (Kirtland is the abode of the Air Force Materiel Command's Nuclear Weapons Center). Here weapons are beingness tested, significant that the field tests with biological simulants (bacteria) also fall into this group.

The DTRA contractor on this project - Lovelace Biomedical and Ecology Enquiry Institute (LBERI) - operates an Animal Bio-safety 3 Level (ABSL-3) laboratory, which has Select Agent status. The facility is designed to conduct bioaerosol studies. The company has been awarded a 5-year contract for field tests with biological simulants at Kirtland Air Force Base of operations.

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Kirtland Air Force Base.

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Some of the tests are performed in a wind tunnel.

Field Tests With Biological Simulants (Leaner)

What the Pentagon is currently doing is exactly what it did in the by, significant that its bio-weapons program was never terminated. The Usa Ground forces performed 27 field tests with such biological simulants, involving the public domain from 1949 to 1968, when President Nixon officially announced the cease of the program.

Source: Us Army Activities in the US, Biological Warfare Programs, vol. Ii, 1977, p. 125-126

Field Tests in Chechnya

The Defense force Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), which runs the U.s. military program at the Lugar Center in Georgia, is declared to have already performed field tests with an unknown substance in Chechnya, Russian federation. In the spring of 2017 local citizens reported a drone disseminating white powder close to the Russian border with Georgia. Neither the Georgian edge police, nor the The states personnel operating on the Georgia-Russia edge, commented on this information.

$ix.2 Million U.s. Military Projection on Russia-Georgia Border

DTRA has full access to the Russia-Georgia border, granted under a military program chosen 'Georgia State Border Security Project'. The activities related to the project have been outsourced to a private American visitor - Parsons Government Services International. DTRA has previously contracted Parsons for like border security projects in Lebanon, Hashemite kingdom of jordan, Great socialist people's libyan arab jamahiriya and Syrian arab republic. Parsons take been awarded a $9.2 million contract nether the Pentagon border security project on the Russia-Georgia border.

Local citizens in Chechnya noticed a UAV sprayer near the Russian edge with Georgia in 2017.

United states of america Defence force Agency Tests GM Insects to Transmit GM Viruses

The Pentagon has invested at least $65 meg in gene editing. The U.s. Defense Avant-garde Inquiry Projects Agency (DARPA) has awarded 7 research teams to develop tools for genome engineering in insects, rodents and bacteria under DARPA's Prophylactic Factor programme, using a novel CRISPR-Cas9 technology.

Nether some other military program - Insect Allies - GM insects are engineered to transfer modified genes to plants. The $10.three million DARPA project includes both gene editing in insects and in the viruses that they transmit. Ecological Niche-preference Engineering is a third ongoing armed forces plan for genome engineering in insects. The Pentagon's stated objective is to engineer GM organisms so that they can resist certain temperatures, modify their habitat and food sources.

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Genetically Engineered Humans

Besides gene editing in insects and in the viruses they transmit, the Pentagon wants to engineer humans as well.

DARPA Advanced Tools for Mammalian Genome Engineering science Project seeks to create a biological platform inside the human torso, using it to evangelize new genetic information, and thus altering humans at the DNA level.

DARPA wants to insert an additional 47^th artificial chromosome into human cells. This chromosome will evangelize new genes that will be used for engineering the human trunk. SynPloid Biotek LLC has been awarded 2 contracts under the program totaling $1.1 million (2015-2016 - $100,600 for the start phase of the research; 2015-2017 - $999,300 for work which is non specified in the federal contracts registry). The visitor has only ii employees and no previous tape on bio-research.

Elevation Secret Research on Synthetic Viruses

Betwixt 2008 and 2014, the United States invested approximately $820 1000000 in constructed biology enquiry, Defense being a major contributor. Much of the military projects on synthetic biology are classified, among them are a number of classified studies by the secretive JASON grouping of The states military advisors - eastward.g. Emerging Viruses and Genome Editing for the Pentagon, and Synthetic Viruses for the National Counterterrorism Middle.

JASON is an independent scientific advisory group that provides consulting services to the U.Due south. government on matters of defense, science and engineering science. It was established in 1960 and most of their resulting JASON reports are classified. For administrative purposes, JASON's projects are run by the MITRE Corporation, which has contracts with the Defense Department, CIA and the FBI. Since 2014 MITRE has been awarded some $27.4 million in contracts with the DoD.

Although the JASON Reports are classified, another Us Air Force study titled Biotechnology: Genetically Engineered Pathogens, sheds some light on what the secretive JASON grouping has researched - five groups of genetically engineered pathogens that can be used every bit bio-weapons. These are binary biological weapons (a lethal combination of two viruses), host swapping diseases (animal viruses that 'leap' to humans, similar the Ebola virus), stealth viruses, and designer diseases. Designer diseases tin be engineered to target a certain ethnic grouping, meaning that they tin can be used as indigenous bio-weapons.

Ethnic Bioweapons

Ethnic biological weapon (biogenetic weapon) is a theoretical weapon that aims to primarily harm people of specific ethnicities, or genotypes.

Although officially the inquiry and evolution of indigenous bio-weapons accept never been publicly confirmed, documents show that the US collects biological material from sure ethnic groups - Russians and Chinese.

The US Air Force has been specifically collecting Russian RNA and synovial tissue samples, raising fears in Moscow of a covert US ethnic bio-weapons programme.

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Apart from Russians, the US has been collecting biological fabric from both salubrious and cancer patients in China. The National Cancer Institute has collected biological samples from 300 subjects from Linxian, Zhengzhou, and Chengdu in Cathay. While another federal project, titled 'Serum Metabolic biomarkers discovery study of Esophageal Squamous Jail cell Carcinoma in China', includes assay of 349 serum samples which have been collected from Chinese patients.

The US National Cancer Institute has been collecting biological cloth from patients of the Chinese Cancer Hospital in Beijing.

Chinese biological material has been collected under a series of federal projects, including saliva and cancer tissue. Among them, Genotyping Deoxyribonucleic acid Samples from Lymphoma cases and from controls (healthy patients), chest cancer tissue blocks from breast cancer patients, saliva samples of 50 families who take 3 or more cases of UGI cancer, Genotype l SNP'S for DNA samples from the Cancer Infirmary, Beijing, Genotypes from 3,000 cases of gastric cancer and 3,000 controls (healthy patients) in Beijing.

How The Pentagon Helped Tobacco Companies to Profit From Ebola

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has invested $100 million in vaccine product from tobacco plants.

The companies involved in the project are owned past the biggest American tobacco companies - Mediacago, Inc. is co-owned past Philip Morris and Kentucky BioProcessing is a subsidiary of Reynolds American, which is endemic by British American Tobacco. Currently they are producing Flu and Ebola vaccines from tobacco plants.

The $100 million program Blue Angel was launched as a response to the H1N1 pandemic in 2009. Medicago was awarded $21 one thousand thousand to produce 10,000 million doses of an influenza vaccine within ane month.

Blueish Angel program managing director Dr. John Julias explains: "Although there are multiple plant species and other organisms existence explored equally alternative protein production platforms, the US Government has continued to brand an investment in tobacco-based manufacturing."

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The institute-based vaccine production method works past isolating a specific antigen poly peptide that triggers a human being immune response from the targeted virus. A gene from the protein is transferred to bacteria, which is used to infect plants. The plants and so get-go producing the protein that will exist used for vaccinations.

It is non clear why the Pentagon chooses to invest in vaccines produced from tobacco plants, from among all other plant species they explored. Medicago, co-owned past Philip Morris, paid $495,000 for lobbying the Section of Defence force, Congress and the Department of Health and Human Services for "funding to accelerate technology to support public wellness preparedness applications." The Pentagon funded tobacco companies to develop new engineering and to profit from vaccines.

Biological Experiments Are War Crimes

Article 8 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Courtroom (ICC) defines biological experiments as state of war crimes. The US, however, is not a state political party to the international treaty, and cannot be held accountable for its war crimes.

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Source: https://www.sott.net/article/375723-Pentagon-Biological-Weapons-Program-Never-Ended-US-Bio-labs-Around-The-World